Surveys of Professionals

This chapter provides an overview of surveys professional forecasters, with a focus on the U.S. Survey Professional Forecasters and European Central Bank Forecasters. A distinguishing feature these is that they collect point density forecasts make data publicly available. We discuss their structure, issues involved in using data, construction measures such as disagreement uncertainty at aggregate individual levels. Our review also summarizes findings studies exploring alignment central tendency from associated forecasts, coverage rounding comparisons forecast accuracy across respondents, heterogeneity behavior persistence differential features. conclude some observations for future work.